loading

Obedience & Dependence, Islamic Vocabulary, Self-Evaluation in Islam: The concept of Ihtisab

Issue 243 » October 10, 2003 - Shaban 14, 1424

General

Obedience & Dependence

An-Nahl (The Bee)
Chapter 16: Verse 128

Companions of Allah
Surely God`is with those who refrain from disobeying Him in awe of Him and who do good deeds (as if they saw him). (16:128)

The example below shows how necessary it is to pray and avoid major sins, and that both tasks are directly related to our own nature.

During a war, one soldier is well-trained and conscientious, while another is a recruit and a slave to his own self. The first one attends training exercises and struggle against his enemy. He never worries about his provisions and payment, because he knows that the government will provide him with all the necessary equipment, food & medical requirements. All he has to do is train for war and fight for his country. He helps out by supplying food and working in the kitchen. When asked what he is doing, he responds: "Some of the state's chores." He does not say he is working for his living. The other soldier, on the other hand, does not tra , nor does he fight. When asked, he states that "Its' none of my business, its' a government matter." He cares only about his livelihood and income, and deserts the battlefield to spend his time in the marketplace.

The first soldier advises him: "Brother, you're supposed to be training for the country. That's why you are here. The king would meet your needs, because that's his role. You can't meet all your needs regardless of the time or place. As we're in a state of war, you might be accused of desertion or rebellion, and be punished. We have our duty and the king has his.” Imagine the trouble the second soldier would be in, if he ignores his friend's words.

O My Soul! The battlefield represents the worldly life. The trained soldier is a devout and pious Muslim who understands his role in life, and hence struggles against his self and the enemy. The other soldier is a sinner who ignores his duty, commits many sins, runs after the worldly life and ends up not trusting even his sustainer.

Training represents the daily prayers and other duties required of the believers. The war stands for the process through which the spirit achieves everlasting salvation - fighting our selfish desires. These two duties are easily understood: the First (the creation and maintenance of life) is the Creator's responsibility, while the second (beseeching from Him and relying on Him only) is ours. Only He who gives life, can sustain life with provision. If you need convincing, reflect on the fact that the weakest and most vulnerable creatures, such as the babies or newborn animals, get the best food.

Source:
“Humanity, Belief and Islam” – Bediuzzaman Said Nursi pp. 36-38

Islamic Vocabulary

Ibaadah

Worship. Broadly speaking, ibaadah includes all acts pleasing to Allah (i.e. adhering to His Shariah), including thoughts, feelings and speech, as well as physical actions and the use of one's wealth. When contrasted with mu'aamalaat (human transactions and dealings), ibaadah means acts of devotional worship, for which there are no substantial worldly benefits; for instance, salaah, dhikr, recitation of Qur'aan, etc.

Source:
Glossary: Usool at-Tafseer – Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips, pg 305)

Self-Evaluation in Islam: The concept of Ihtisab

One of the instruments of character building and perhaps the most valuable is ihtisab or self-appraisal and self-criticism. In fact, the concept of ihtisab or hisabah is wider. It is social criticism as well as self-criticism because the twin commands of enjoining good and forbidding that which is reprehensible are obligations on the Muslims, that are of a social character. In appraising our behavior we should be harsh on ourselves while being lenient on others. The best method of self-criticism that I have found is to devote just two or three minutes, before going to bed each day for evaluation. Make it a habit, a conscious effort.

The following questions may be of some benefit for our self-evaluation:

•  Did I offer my five daily salah (prayer) on time?

  • Guard strictly your prayer, especially the middle prayer; and stand before Allah submissively. (Qur'aan 2:238).
  • The prayer most loved by Allah is the prayer performed on time. (Muslim)

•  How many of the salah did I offer in congregation (Jam'ah)?

  • A prayer in congregation is twenty-seven times more superior to one performed individually. (Bukhari)

•  Am I satisfied with the Quality of my salah?

  • If a person performs two units of prayer without the distraction of any worldly thoughts, all his previous sins would be forgiven. (Bukhari)
  • When you stand for prayer, perform your prayer as if it were your last. (Ahmed)

Further Self-evaluation questions would be added in later issues.

(Adapted from “Islam The Way of Revival” pp 244, 270. From articles by Khurshid Ahmed & Riza Mohammed)